What should be used when operating 230v equipment on construction sites to enhance safety?

Using a residual current device (RCD) when operating 230v equipment on construction sites significantly enhances safety by providing protection against electric shock. An RCD functions by monitoring the electric current flowing through a circuit and will quickly cut off the power supply if it detects any imbalance, which could indicate a leakage current or fault. This rapid disconnection reduces the risk of severe injury or fatality from electric shocks.

The use of RCDs is especially critical in construction environments where wet conditions and the use of portable electrical equipment increase the risk of electrical hazards. They help ensure that even if an individual comes into contact with a live electrical component, the device will react within milliseconds to prevent potentially life-threatening injuries.

Other options provided, while important in their respective contexts, do not directly enhance electrical safety to the same degree as an RCD. For instance, an extension cord may allow tools to be used at a distance but does not provide electrical protection. A transformer can step down voltage, making it safer for certain applications, but is not a substitute for the immediate protection offered by an RCD. Heavy-duty cables may be more robust and able to handle higher currents but do not prevent electric shock. Thus, the RCD is the most effective choice for protecting