What are the typical signs of wood rot?

The signs of wood rot include discoloration, softness, and a musty smell, which are indicative of fungal decay affecting the wood. Discoloration occurs because the wood fibers break down and lose their original color due to the presence of moisture and fungi. Softness is a critical sign, as it indicates structural damage; rotted wood loses its integrity and can be easily indented or punctured. The musty smell arises from the decay process, which is a byproduct of the fungi feeding on the wood. Together, these indicators help identify areas of wood that may be compromised and require repair or replacement, making it crucial to recognize them in carpentry and construction work.